Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes diagnosticados com hanseníase / Clinical-epidemiological profile of patients diagnosed with leprosy / Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de los pacientes diagnosticados de lepra

hanseníase no Brasil ainda apresenta como um problema de saúde pública. A posição epidemiológica da doença no país é considerada diversificada devido ao alto coeficiente e variação de prevalência nas diversas regiões do país. O objetivo desse estudo é conhecer o perfil epidemiológico da população acometida pela hanseníase na cidade de General Carneiro, no interior do Mato Grosso, durante os anos de 2006 e 2021. A coleta de dados foi realizada nos meses de julho e agosto do ano de 2021. Trata-se de uma pesquisa retrospectiva, documental do tipo descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa. No período em estudo notificou-se 50 casos, sendo 62% do sexo masculino, com faixa etária entre 48 a 69 anos de idade, de cor branca, com predominância da forma dimorfa. Os resultados demonstram que a cidade de General Carneiro, está com o número de casos de hanseníase na média do preconizado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde e também, inferior à média brasileira.

Leprosy in Brazil still presents as a public health problem. The epidemiological position of the disease in the country is considered diversified due to the high coefficient and variation in prevalence in different regions of the country. The aim of this study is to know the epidemiological profile of the population affected by leprosy in the city of General Carneiro, in the interior of Mato Grosso, during the years 2006 and 2021. Data collection was carried out in July and August of 2021 This is a retrospective, descriptive documentary research with a quantitative approach. During the study period, 50 cases were reported, 62% male, aged between 48 and 69 years old, white, with a predominance of the borderline form. The results show that the city of General Carneiro has the number of cases of leprosy in the average recommended by the World Health Organization and also below the Brazilian average.

La lepra en Brasil sigue siendo un problema de salud pública. La posición epidemiológica de la enfermedad en el país se considera diversificada debido al alto coeficiente y a la variación de la prevalencia en diferentes regiones del país. El objetivo de este estudio es conocer el perfil epidemiológico de la población afectada por la lepra en la ciudad de General Carneiro, en el interior de Mato Grosso, durante los años 2006 y 2021. La recogida de datos se realizó en julio y agosto del año 2021. Se trata de una investigación retrospectiva, documental y descriptiva, con un enfoque cuantitativo. En el período de estudio se notificaron 50 casos, siendo el 62% de sexo masculino, con una edad entre 48 y 69 años, de color blanco, con predominio de la forma dimorfa. Los resultados muestran que la ciudad de General Carneiro, está con el número de casos de lepra en la media recomendada por la Organización Mundial de la Salud y también por debajo de la media brasileña.

BCG vaccine: WHO position paper, February 2018 - Recommendations.

This article presented the World Health Organization's (WHO) recommendations on the use of on Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine excerpted from the BCG vaccines: WHO position paper - February 2018 published in the Weekly Epidemiological Record [1]. This position paper replaces the 2004 WHO position paper on Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine [2] and the 2007 WHO revised BCG vaccination guidelines for infants at risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection [3]. It incorporates recent developments in the tuberculosis (TB) field, provides revised guidance on the immunization of children infected with HIV, and re-emphasizes the importance of the birth dose. This position paper also includes recommendations for the prevention of leprosy. Footnotes to this paper provide a number of core references including references to grading tables that assess the quality of the scientific evidence, and to the evidence-to-recommendation tables. In accordance with its mandate to provide guidance to Member States on health policy matters, WHO issues a series of regularly updated position papers on vaccines and combinations of vaccines against diseases that have an international public health impact. These papers are concerned primarily with the use of vaccines in large-scale immunization programmes; they summarize essential background information on diseases and vaccines, and conclude with WHO's current position on the use of vaccines in the global context. Recommendations on the use of cholera vaccines were discussed by the Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) in October 2017; evidence presented at these meetings can be accessed at: http://www.who.int/immunization/sage/meetings/2017/october/presentations_background_docs/en/.

Úlcera de Buruli. Una enferfermad "menos" olvidada / No disponible

No disponible

Situación Actual de la Lepra / No disponible

No disponible

[Review of WHO Expert Committee on Leprosy 8th report, --comparison to 7th report].

In 2012 the WHO Expert Committee on Leprosy published its 8th report, 14 years after the publication of its 7th report in 1998. This report, the first since the leprosy reduction goal was met in 2000, highlights key points such as improvements in the quality of various services available to patients and the efforts of individuals and societies, in addition to medical progress in diagnosis and treatment. This review will mainly describe the changes made since the 7th report. Some of the main modifications are the deletion of single lesion paucibacillary type, elongated treatment of patients with high bacterial indices, the introduction of promising new drugs, and a shift from reducing the statistical number of patients to a new target for disability prevention.

The origin of registry-based medical research and care.

During the last decades, registers comprising medical data have played an increasingly important role in medicine, both in health care and research. It is reasonable to expect that their importance will also increase in the future. Thus, a search for the origin of register-based medicine seems meaningful. Admittedly, collections of individual data on a number of patients may have occurred way back in history (Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 96, 1976:295). However, if we accept WHO's definition of a register, it implies more than a number of notifications. A register requires that a permanent record be established, that the cases be followed up and that basic statistical tabulations be prepared both on frequency and survival (Epidemiological Methods on the study of chronic diseases, Geneva, WHO Expert committee on Health Statistics, 1967). Thus, a register should aim at improving surveillance, health care and research. If we apply these criteria, we find the origin of register-based medicine in Norway in terms of the National Leprosy Registry, representing the world's first national patient register for any disease, established 1856 (Int J Epidemiol, 2, 1973: 81).

[Report of the tenth meeting of the WHO Technical Advisory Group on Leprosy Control].

The tenth meeting of the WHO Technical Advisory Group (TAG) on Leprosy Control was held in New Delhi, India on 23rd April 2009. The meeting was chaired by Professor WCS Smith and attended by TAG members, several experts, WHO secretariat, and members of the technical bodies of International Leprosy Association (ILA) and the International Federation of Anti-Leprosy Associations (ILEP) also attended the meeting.

Hanseníase: Qualidade de vida dos moradores da area social do Instituto Lauro de Souza / Leprosy: quality of life of the inhabitants of the social area of the institute Lauro of Souza Lima

A qualidade de vida e um tema que vem despeertando interesse na comunidade cientifica, sendo definida pela Organizaçao Mundial de Saude como: "percepçao do individuo da sua posiçao na vida, no contexto da cultura e no sistema de valores nos quais vive e em relaçao aos seus objetivos, expectativas, padroes e preucupaçoes" (WHOQOL GROUP, 1994). Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) dos que foram portadores de hanseniase curados, e teve alta e nao retornaram ao convivio familiar e social. E exploratorio descritivo e foi realizado na Area Social do Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, no periodo de abril a maio de 2005. A amostra foi constituida de 36 moradores e o instrumento de coleta de dados foi a versao abreviada do World Health Organization Quality Of Life (WHOQOL-100), o WHOQOL-bref, que e composto por 26 questoes divididas em quatro dominios. A analise dos dados foi quantitativa, realizada por estatistica descritiva e aplicaçao do Teste de Quiquadrado, e qualitativo, utilizando a Tecnica de Entrevista em Grupo focal. Os resultados quanto a satisfaçao da QV foram estabelecidos em quatro dominios: no dominio 1: fisico, que aborda a dor, tratamento medico, energia, locomoçao, capacidade funcional e laboral o resultado foi de 33,3 a 52,7 por cento, no dominio 2: psicologico, que abrange o sentido da vida, concentraçao, aparencia fisica, satisfaçao consigo mesmo e sentimentos negativos, as respostas variaram de 33,3 a 68,3 por cento, no dominio 3: relaçoes sociais, que refere as relaçoes sociais, sexuais, e apoio dos amigos o resultado, variou de 47,2 a 68,3 por cento e por fim no dominio 4: meio ambiente, que fala sobre segurança, ambiente fisico, dinheiro, informaçoes, lazer, condiçoes de moradia, meio de transporte e serviços de saude, ficou entre 30,5 e 77,7 por cento.Nos quatro dominios a maioria das questoes foi estatisticamente significante para p<0,05. Na tecnica de entrevista em grupo focal foi confirmado o resultado obtido anteriormente. A aplicaçao de outros instrumentos de QV nesta clientela possibilitara novas comparaçoes.

For WHO or for whom?

PIP: The World Health Organization (WHO) is moving forward in its drive to eradicate poliomyelitis and it believes that dracunculiasis can be eliminated by the year 2000. Leprosy, river blindness, Chagas disease, and filariasis can also be eliminated as public health problems within 10 years given the requisite additional investment. While WHO's international public health goals and achievements are both laudable and necessary, WHO's success in changing people's thinking is most likely the organization's most valuable influence. WHO has fostered a shift away from secondary and tertiary care to more primary health care, the provision of safe water, and intersectoral health promotion. The next director general of the World Health Organization must address the need to decentralize WHO and delegate control to regions. Moreover, greater organization and efficiency must be brought to the World Health Assembly so that conference delegates, the press, and attending nongovernmental organizations can have more fruitful interaction.^ieng

Valoración baciloscópica en pacientes con enfermedad de Hansen, tratados con el esquema de la OMS / Bacilloscopic study of patients with Hansen's disease, treated with the scheme of WHO

Se estudiaron 30 pacientes con enfermedad de Hansen multibacilar (BL o LL) que terminaron el tratamiento controlado según el esquema de la OMS. Se valoraron las baciloscopias de cada paciente en sus índices bacteriológico, morfológico y tintorial durante el inicio, primer año y segundo a lo del tratamiento. Al final del tratamiento 40 por ciento de los pacientes (12) negativizó su índice bacteriológico, el resto de ellos permaneció positivo, por lo que sugerimos que los pacientes con Hansen multibacilar prolonguen por más tiempo el esquema de tratamiento que ha implantado la OMS, para evitar futuras recaídas

A study on the effectiveness and safety of the WHO/MDT regimen in the Northeast of Thailand; a prospective study, 1984-1996

The aim of this prospective study was to determine the effectiveness and safety of the multidrug therapy as recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO/MDT) in 1982. One-hundred-eighty-eight newly diagnosed leprosy patients [130 paucibacillary (PB) and 58 multibacillary (MB) patients] from three provinces in northeastern Thailand were recruited into a study from April 1984 to March 1985. The study lasted until May 1996. The results showed that 182 patients finished their course of WHO/MDT, representing a treatment completion rate of 95%; 167 (122 PB and 45 MB) were released from surveillance (RFS); 82 PB patients were still available for follow up by the end of 1994 and 31 MB patients by May 1996. Two PB patients were diagnosed with a relapse, showing a relapse rate of 0.2 per 100 person-years at risk. After an average of 8 years of follow up, no MB relapses have been diagnosed. The proportion of patients with a WHO grade 2 disability among PB and MB patients increased from 4% and 8% at the start of treatment to 7% and 13% at last examination, respectively. It is concluded that the fixed-duration, 6-month WHO/MDT regimen for PB leprosy and the 24-month regimen for MB leprosy are effective, acceptable and safe, and that clinical activity, histopathological activity and/or a positive skin smear at release from treatment (RFT) have no bearing on the efficacy of the WHO/MDT regimens. The relapse rates are low and in accordance with most published data available to date. The importance of skin-smear services for a reliable classification (WHO PB/MB classification for control programs) is stressed.